Carotid characteristics of black South Africans with five-year sustained hypertension

نویسندگان

  • Melissa Maritz
  • Carla MT Fourie
  • Johannes M van Rooyen
  • Hugo W Huisman
  • Aletta E Schutte
چکیده

INTRODUCTION An important feature of hypertension is a reduction in large artery distensibility, which may be due to structural and functional adaptations. Black populations are particularly prone to the development of hypertension. We therefore compared the carotid characteristics between five-year sustained hypertensive and normotensive black South Africans, and investigated how carotid characteristics relate to cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammation, endothelial activation and health behaviours. METHODS We included HIV-free black South Africans who were either consistently hypertensive (n = 351) or normotensive (n = 241) from 2005 to 2010. We assessed carotid characteristics, including intima-media thickness (IMT), distensibility and lumen diameter with B-mode ultrasound, and calculated Young's elastic modulus, cross-sectional wall area and beta-stiffness index. We measured the carotid dorsalis pedis pulse-wave velocity, brachial and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and determined metabolic, inflammatory and endothelial activation markers from blood samples. Health behaviours were reported in questionnaires. RESULTS The hypertensive group presented with higher brachial and central blood pressure, thicker IMT and stiffer carotid arteries (all p < 0.001). However, after adjustment for cSBP but not mean arterial pressure (MAP), all significant differences in carotid characteristics were lost. The carotid thickness measurements did not differ after adjustment for MAP. After adjustment, metabolic, inflammatory and endothelial activation markers did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that besides structural changes, functional adaptations are also involved in deterioration of the carotid wall characteristics of hypertensive black South Africans. These results highlight the importance of proper hypertension control in Africa.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Determinants and treatment of hypertension in South Africans: the first Demographic and Health Survey.

OBJECTIVES To identify the groups of patients with high prevalence and poor control of hypertension in South Africa. METHODS In the first national Demographic and Health Survey, 12 952 randomly selected South Africans aged 15 years and older were surveyed. Trained interviewers completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle and the management of hypertension. This cro...

متن کامل

The emergence of cardiovascular disease during urbanisation of Africans.

OBJECTIVE To review the available data on risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the influence of urbanisation of Africans on these risk factors, and to examine why stroke emerges as a higher risk than ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in the health transition of black South Africans. DESIGN A review of published data on mortality from and risk factors of CVD in South Africans. SETTING ...

متن کامل

Are behavioural risk factors to be blamed for the conversion from optimal blood pressure to hypertensive status in Black South Africans? A 5-year prospective study.

BACKGROUND Longitudinal cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa are urgently needed to understand cardiovascular disease development. We, therefore, explored health behaviours and conventional risk factors of African individuals with optimal blood pressure (BP) (≤ 120/80 mm Hg), and their 5-year prediction for the development of hypertension. METHODS The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology stud...

متن کامل

Estimating ancestry in South Africa: a comparison of geometric morphometrics and traditional craniometrics

In ancestry estimation of South African individuals, non-metric morphological trait assessment has not proven useful and previous results in FORDISC 3.0 leave room for improvement. The accuracy rates of software programs FORDISC 3.1 and 3D-ID were compared for ancestry estimation based on cranial data of black and white South Africans using discriminant function analysis. Cranial landmarks were...

متن کامل

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in black South Africans--a case series.

BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been shown to be highly prevalent in both developing and developed countries. Nevertheless, data on OCD in blacks, and black South Africans in particular, are limited. METHOD Records of patients presenting with OCD at a tertiary hospital serving a predominantly black population were reviewed. Patient data, including demographic Information, p...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 27  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016